

ADA KENANGAN saya buat karya Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) ini. Pernah saya ikut ambil bagian menyanyikan pada seksi suara bass, sebagai anggota paduan suara Perhimpunan Persahabatan Indonesia Amerika (
PPIA International Choir). dikomandani
Dr.Richard W.Haskins. Haskins sebenarnya bukan dari latar belakang musik. Tetapi bakat dan minatnya yang luarbiasa membuat pengajar sekolah teologi Jakarta ini sangat bagus memimpin. Sebelumnya. PPIA Choir juga pernah mementaskan beberapa konser karya
Haydn, Handel dan
Bach. Latihan untuk tiap konser biasanya 3 bulan. Pementasaan Vesperae berlangsung di Gedung Erasmus Huis Jakarta, 23-24 Mei, 1991.(Sepulang Haskins ke AS PPIA Choir ikut surut). Bagaimanapun, saya sangat terkesan, gimana gitu lho..
Ini adalah karya misa yang paling terkenal dari si jenius Mozart, dedengkot era klasik, setelah '
Coronation Mass'. Biarpun dari judulnya kelihatan seperti lagu yang kalem (renungan/pengakuan di senja hari=
vesperae solennes de confessore) tetapi beberapa nomor ternyata sangat meriah dan bersemangat.
Vespers ditulis
1780, setahun setelah masa sulit. Kembali sebagai organis puri pangeran Salzburg - yang ternyata tidak menyenangkan. Tambah lagi ibunya yang ikut dalam perjalanan menderita sakit dan meninggal di Paris, terakhir tambatan hati,
Aloysia Weber memutuskan hubungan.
Teks diambil dari
Psalm (Vulgata).
1.DIXITDimulai tanpa mukadimah dengan kalimat '
Dixit dominus' yang sangat meriah. Untuk memperkuat dampak maksimum maka dua penggal kata pertama itu diucapkan dengan gamblang dalam hentakan paduan suara yang dipisahkan dengan suara instrumen. Selanjutnya diteruskan dengan suatu gaya deklamasi bertenaga. Alunannya tetap memelihara ketegasan dalam kontras antara jalan masuk dengan homofony. Untuk pertama ditampilkan suara solis pada bagian
'Gloria Patri'. Penggal '
Sicut erat' mengikuti pakem yang lazim, menutup Dixit dengan bahan tematis.
Text :
Dixit Dominus Domino meo, sede a dextris meis,donec ponam inimicos tuos, scabellum pedum tuorum. Virgam virtutis tuae emittet Dominus ex Sion: dominare in medio inimicorum tuorum. Tecum principium in die virtutis tuae in splendoribus sanctorum:ex utero ante luciferum genui te. Juravit Dominus et non poenitebit eum:Tu es sacerdos in aeternum secundum ordinem Melchisedech.Dominus, a dextris tuis confregit in die irae suae reges. Judicabit in nationibus, implebit ruinas conquassabit capita in terra multorum. De torrente in via bibet propterea exaltabit caput.Gloria Patri, et Filio.et Spiritui Sancto. Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in saecula saeculorum. Amen ENGLISH
(The Lord said unto my Lord, sit thou on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of thy power out of Sion: be thou ruler, even in the midst among thine enemies. In the day of thy power shall the people offer thee free-will offerings with an holy worship:the dew of thy birth is of the womb of the morning. The Lord swore, and will not repent:Thou art a priest

for ever after the order of Melchisedech. The Lord upon thy right hand shall wound even kings in the day of his wrath. He shall judge among the heathen;he shall fill the places with the dead bodies and smite in sunder the heads over divers countries. He shall drink of the brook in the way therefore shall he lift up his head.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son,and to the Holy Ghost As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.)
2.CONFITEBORConfitebor dibuka dengan nada suara seragam unisono. Seterusnya makin mengembang pada setiap frasa. Lalu frasa 'in toto corde' membuka jalan buat keindahan ragam melodi pada 'Magna opera domini'. Bagian kalimat 'Confessio et magnificenta opus ejus' yang dimulai dengan choral semu untuk mencapai suatu klimaks. Dendang pendek 'Manet in saeculum saeculi' mencerminkan kekalnya ilahi sebelum dilanjutkan dengan puncak harmoni yang dramatis pada 'Memoriam fecit mirabilium'. Solo suara sopran pada 'Memor erit in saeculum'yang diiringi quartet menunjukkan Mozart tak bisa mengekang hasratnya untuk bergaya opera.
Kalimat doksologi 'Gloria Patri' dinyanyikan unisono yang tegas, sedang 'Sicut erat in principio' dan 'Amen'' mengikuti kelaziman untuk memberi keindahan sebagai penutup bagian ini.
Text :
Confitebor tibi Domine in toto corde meo:in consilio justorum et congregatione. Magna opera Domini:exquisita in omnes valuntates ejus. Confessio et magnificentia opus ejus:et justitia ejus manet in saeculum saeculi. Memoriam fecit mirabilium suorum, misericor, et miserator et justus: escam dedit timentibus se. Memor erit in saeculum testamenti sui: virtutem operum suorum annuntiabit populo suo ut det illis hereditatem gentium opera manuum ejus veritas et judicium. Fidelia omnia mandata ejus: confirmata in saeculum saeculi:fucta in veritate et aequitate Redemptionem misit Dominus populo suo: mandavit in aetemum testamentum suum. Sanctum et terribile nomen ejus: initium sapientiae timor Domini Intellectus bonus omnibus facientibus eum: laudatio ejus manet in saeculum saeculi.
Gloria Patri, et Filio,et Spiritui Sancto. Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper,et in saecula,aeculorum Amen.
ENGLISH
(I will give thanks unto the Lord with my whole heart secretly among the faithful, and in the congregation. The works of the Lord are great sought out of all of them that have pleasure therein. His work is worthy to be praised, and had in honour and his righteousness endureth for ever. The merciful and gracious Lord hath so done his marvellous work, that they ought to be had in remembrance. He hath given meat unto them that fear him :he shall ever be mindful of his covenant.
He hath shewed his people the power of his works that he may give them the heritage of the heathen. The works of his hands are verity and judgement, all his commandments are true. They stand fast for ever and ever and are done in truth and equity. He sent redemption unto his people he hath commanded his covenant for ever; holy and reverend is his name The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom: a good understanding have all they that do thereafter; the praise of it endureth for ever. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son,and to the Holy Ghost As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end Amen.)
3.BEATUS VIRMozart memperlakukan koor dan solis dengan sejajar pada nomor yang ceria ini. Koor dan solis menunjukkan keahlian memperkaya nada. Karenanya Beatus vir gampang dirobah jadi musik tersendiri. Ini bukti kepiawaian Mozart sebagai melodis sekaligus orkestrator. Ia membangun nomor ini tanpa membuang satu nada sekalipun. Ini tampak mulai dari suara bass pada 'Potens in terra'sampai pada 'Amen'. Sama halnya dengan melodi musik gesek yang membuka 'Gloria et divitiae' yang muncul lagi pada solis 'Gloria patri' pada penutup.
Text :
Beatus vir qui timet Dominum in mandatis ejus volet nimis. Potens in terra erit semen ejus generatio rectorum benedicetur Gloria et divitiae in domo ejus:et justitia ejus manet in saeculum saeculi. Exortum est in tenebris lumen rectis: misericors, et miserator, et justus. Jucundus homo qui miseretur et commodat, disponet sermones suos in judicio: quia in aeternum non commovebitur.
In memoria aeterna erit justus:ab auditione mala non timebit. Paratum cor ejus sperare in Domino, non commovebitur donec despiciat inimicos suos.
Dispersit, dedit pauperibus:justitia ejus manet in saeculum saeculi: cornu ejus exaltabitur in gloria. Peccator videbit, et irascetur, dentibus suis fremet et tabescet:desiderium peccatorum peribit.
Gloria Patri, et Filio,et Spiritui Sancto
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in seacula saeculorum Amen.
ENGLISH
(Blessed is the man that feareth the Lordhe hath great delight in his commandments His seed shall be mighty on earth the generation of the faithful shall be blessed Riches and plenteousness shall be in his house and his righteousness endureth for ever. Unto the godly there ariseth up light in the darkness: he is merciful, loving, and righteous. A good man is merciful, and lendeth and will guide his words with discretion: for he shall never be moved and the righteous shall be had in everlasting remembrance: he will not be afraid of any evil tidings for his heart standeth fast, and believeth in the Lord. His heart is established, and will not shrink until he see his desire upon his enemies.
He hath dispersed abroad, and given to the poor and his righteousness remaineth for ever; his horn shall be exalted with honour. The ungodly shall see it, and it shall grieve him he shall gnash with his teeth, and consume away;the desire of the ungodly shall perish.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son,and to the Holy Ghost. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end Amen.)
4.LAUDATE PUERILaudate pueri dimulai dengan gaya fuga tetapi kemudian cepat berubah dengan menggunakan kontras antara tektural dan dinamika untuk memberi efek dramatis. Misal nomor ini dibuka dalam gaya empat suara yang formal tetapi frasa
'Qui sicut dominus Deus' mengantarkan pada suatu skala menurun. Kebalikannya, ini kontras dengan nyanyian homofon lembut dan aksentuasi ritme pada kalimat
'et humilia respicit' lalu kembali secara dramatik menjadi keras pada '
in coelo et in terra'.Kalimat '
Sicut erat in principio' dibuka dengan gaya fuga yang ditegaskan dengan instrumen tiup trombone. Kata penutup
'Amen' memberi akhir yang diperpanjang dengan lorong-lorong dinamika untuk memperoleh efek yang mantap.
Text :
Laudate pueri Dominum:laudate nomen Domini, Sit nomen Domini benedictum, ex hoc nunc, et usque in saeculum, solis ortu usque ad occasum, laudabile nomen Domini. Excelsus super omnes gentes Dominus, et super coelos gloria ejus. Qui, sicut Dominus Deus noster, qui in altis habitat et humilia respicit in coelo et in terra? Suscitans a terra inopem, et de stercore erigens pauperem;
Ut collocet eum cum principibus populi sui Qui habitare facit sterilem in domo, matrem filiorum laetantem. Gloria Patri, et Filia,et Spiritui Sancto.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in saecula saeculorum Amen.
ENGLISH
(Praise the Lord, ye servants O praise the Name of the Lord, Blessed be the Name of the Lord from this time forth for evermore, The Lord's Name is praised from the rising up of the sun unto the going down of the same The Lord is high above all heathen and his glory above the heavens. Who is like unto the Lord our God, that hath his dwelling so high, and yet humbleth himself to behold the things that are in heaven and earth?
He taketh up the simple out of the dust and lifteth the poor out of the mire;
That he may set him with the princes even with the princes of the people.
He maketh the barren woman to keep house and to be a joyful mother of children.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son,and to the Holy Ghost
As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end" Amen.)
5.LAUDATE DOMINUMLaudate Dominum adalah nomor
yang paling dikenal dari karya Vesperae ini. Hampir semua solis soprano kelas dunia pernah merekamnya dalam album single. Melodinya yang indah yang dinyanyikan solis sopran diiringi dengan alat musik gesek dan bassoon. Koor mengulanginya pada 'Gloria Patri' dalam harmoni empat suara. Agung dan lembut. Bagian
'Amen' juga dibawakan solis sopran dengan cara yang indah. Pendek, tapi menggetarkan jiwa.
Text :
Laudate Dominum omnes gentes:laudate eum omnes populi; Quoniam confirmata est super nos misericordia ejus: et veritas Domini manet in aeternum.
Gloria Patri, et Filio,et Spiritui Sancto Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper,
et in saecula saeculorum Amen.
ENGLISH :
(O praise the Lord, all ye heathen praise him, all ye nations; For his merciful kindness is ever more and more towards us and the truth of the Lord endureth for ever
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son,and to the Holy Ghost
As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end Amen.)
6.MAGNIFICATDisini Mozart memperagakan keahliannya dalam urusan memadatkan semua unsur. Setiap frasa bisa disajikannya dalam doa Magnificat. Sambil dia tetap mempertahankan ciri homogen. Pengembangannya yang tegas dibuat untuk lebih mempertahankan kontras antara dinamika dengan perubahan susunan musik. Sebagai contoh, dia menggantikan gaya nyanyian tradisional Magnificat dengan suara orkes gesek dan bass. Ini membuka jalan buat solis sopran pada kata-kata
'Et exultavit' . Kemudian diikuti koor pada deklamasi
'Quia respexit humiliatem'. Frasa pancaran kebanggaan (
dispersit superbos) dan usaha mengesampingkan sang Kuasa (
deposuit potentes) dikombinasikan sehingga secara grafis terlukiskan bahwa yang satu berjungkil balik dengan yang lain secara memalukan.
Kejutan terjadi karena suara pelan pada kata
'humiles' dan solis sopran yang menyanyikan
'Esurientes'. Diikuti koor
'demisit inanes'. 'Et misericordia' dipercayakan buat kuartet solis yang kembali pada harmoni koor pada '
Fecit potentiam' untuk memperagakan kekuatan Illahi.
Pada '
Suscepit Israel' Mozart kembali pada thema awal
'et exultavit' dan '
quia respexit'. Kalimat akhir '
Gloria Patri' dinyanyikan keempat solis sebelum koor '
Sicut erat in principio'. Sebagai pamungkas, Mozart mengambil kesempatan terakhir untuk menggoda pendengar dengan pergantian dinamika yang tiba-tiba ke tempo lambat pada kata
'saeculorum' sebelum tiga kali '
Amen' yang dramatik.
Text :
Magnificat anima mea Dominum Et exultavit spiritus, meus in Deo salutari meo. Quia respexit humilitatem ancillae suae: ecce enim ex hoc beatam me dicent omnes generationes Quia fecit mihi magna qui potens est:et sanctum nomen ejus Et misericordia ejus a progenie in progenies timentibus eum. Fecit potentiam in brachio suo: dispersit superbos mente cordis sui. Deposuit potentes de sede, et exaltavit humiles; Esurientes implevit bonis:et divites dimisit inanes; Suscepit Israel puerum suum, recordatus misericordiae suae; Sicut locutus est ad patres nostros, Abraham et semini ejus in saecula Gloria Patri, et Filio,et Spiritui Sancto Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, et in saecula saeculorum Amen.ENGLISH :
My soul doth magnify the Lord and my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour. For he hath regarded the lowliness of his handmaiden For behold, from henceforth, all generations shall call me blessed For he that is mighty hath magnified me and holy is his Name And his mercy is on them that fear him throughout all generations. He hath shewed strength with his arm; he hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts He hath put down the mighty from their seat and hath exalted the humble and meek; he hath filled the hungry with good things and the rich he hath sent empty away; He, remembering his mercy hath holpen his servant Israel as he promised to our forefathers, Abraham and his seed, for ever.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son,and to the Holy Ghost As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
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